Title: Latin 111
Tags: Latin::Chapter23

Nominative: arx
Genitive: árcis
Gender: f.
English: citadel, stronghold
Derivatives: possible relation to arca, box (English ark)

Nominative: dux
Genitive: dúcis
Gender: m.
English: leader
English 2: guide
English 3: commander, general
Derivatives: duke, ducat, duchess, doge

Nominative: équus
Genitive: équī
Gender: m.
English: horse
Derivatives: equestrian, equine

Nominative: hásta
Genitive: hástae
Gender: f.
English: spear
Derivatives: hastate

Nominative: īnsula
Genitive: īnsulae
Gender: f.
English: island
Derivatives: insular, insulate, isolate, peninsula

Nominative: lītus
Genitive: lītoris
Gender: n.
English: shore, coast
Derivatives: littoral

Nominative: mīles
Genitive: mīlitis
Gender: m.
English: soldier
Derivatives: military, militate, militia

Nominative: ōrator
Genitive: ōrātōris
Gender: m.
English: orator
English 2: speaker
Derivatives: oratory, oratorio
Mnemonic: cf. ōs

Nominative: sacérdōs
Genitive: sacerdōtis
Gender: m.
English: priest
Mnemonic: cf. sacer, sacred

Latin: indef. pron. || áliquis, áliquid (gen. alicuīus, etc.)
English: indef. pron. || someone, something

Latin: indef. pron. || quísquis, quídquid
English: indef. pron. || whoever, whatever
Derivatives: normally only nominative case

Masculine: magnánimus
Feminine: magnánima
Neuter: magnánimum
English: brave
English 2: magnanimous, great-hearted
Derivatives: magnanimity

Latin: adv. || úmquam
English: adv. || ever, at any time (in questions or negative clauses)

1st Present: ēduco
Infinitive: ēducāre
Perfect: ēducāvī
Participle: ēducātum
English: to bring up
English 2: to educate
Derivatives: education, educable
Mnemonic: do not confuse with ēdūcere (to lead out)

1st Present: gaúdeo
Infinitive: gaudēre
Perfect: gāvīsus sum
English: to be glad
English 2: to rejoice
Derivatives: gaudy, gaudeamus

1st Present: pétō
Infinitive: pétere
Perfect: petīvī
Participle: petītum
English: to seek, aim at
English 2: to beg, beseech
Derivatives: appetite, compete, competent, impetuous, petition, petulant, repeat
Mnemonic: cf. perpetuus

1st Present: osténdō
Infinitive: osténdere
Perfect: osténdī
Participle: osténtum
English: to exhibit, show, display
Derivatives: ostentatious, ostensible
Mnemonic: cf. tendere, to stretch/extend

1st Present: prémō
Infinitive: prémere
Perfect: préssī
Participle: préssum (-primō in compounds)
English: to press
English 2: to pursue
Derivatives: compress, depress, express, imprint, repress, reprimand

1st Present: ópprimō
Infinitive: opprímmere
Perfect: oppréssī
Participle: oppréssum
English: to suppress
English 2: to overwhelm, overpower
English 3: to check (stop)
Derivatives: oppress

1st Present: vértō
Infinitive: vértere
Perfect: vértī
Participle: vérsum
English: to turn
English 2: to change
Derivatives: adverse, advertise, averse, convert, controversy, diverse, divorce, invert, pervert, subvert, revert

Latin: āvertō (etc.)
English: to turn away
Derivatives: adverse, advertise, averse, convert, controversy, diverse, divorce, invert, pervert, subvert, revert